130 years since the birth of Commander Qazi Muhammad, President of the Republic of Kurdistan

ARK News... On Monday, 130 years passed since the birth of the Kurdish leader Qazi Muhammad, President of the Republic of Kurdistan, the republic declared by the Kurds in 1946 in Iranian Kurdistan, and its capital was Mahabad.

About the leader:
Qazi Muhammad was born in the city of Mahabad on May 1, 1893. His father is Qazi Ali bin Qasim bin Mirza Ahmed, and his mother is from the well-known 'Faidhullah Bag' clan in the Mokriyan kingdom.

Qazi Muhammad is considered one of the brightest personalities in Kurdish history, as he enjoyed a wide culture due to his deep understanding of Sharia, Islamic jurisprudence and religion, his mastery of Arabic, Turkish, Persian, and French languages, and his knowledge of English and Russian in addition to his Kurdish mother tongue, in addition to his charming personality that arouses the love and sympathy of all whoever meets him, his humility, courage and deep belief in the rights of his people to life and the need to struggle for the realization of these legitimate rights

Although Qazi Muhammad descended from a rich family in the region, this did not lead him to vanity or turn away from the suffering of his people, and their religious, legal, and worldly questions.

He also called for spreading education and culture among the Kurds in order to face the oppression and injustice that was falling on them.

During the years of his life, Qazi Muhammad was understanding of the bitter reality experienced by the Kurdish masses, sensing the suffering of the people and their sense of injustice and alienation that falls on the entire Kurdish issue, so he devoted all his time and attention to the interest of the Kurds and aspiration towards their future and their lives, not only in the Mahabad region but in the whole—the areas where the Kurdish communities live.

In the 1930s, Qazi Muhammad joined the 'Khyoboun' party, which declared its struggle in 1927 with the help of Ihsan Nori Pasha in Northern Kurdistan.

In 1944, a Kurdish organization was formed under the name of the 'Kurdish Revival Association', which paved the way for the establishment of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Iran, of which Qazi Muhammad became one of its founders.

The program of this party was to achieve freedom in Iran, autonomy for Kurdistan within the Iranian borders, and brotherhood with the Azerbaijani people and all non-Persian minorities.

On 16/12/1945, in the midst of a large crowd in the 'Char Chira' square in Mahabad, and in a great festive atmosphere, Qazi Muhammad announced on that historic day that the Mokriyan region was cut off from the Tehran government, so they lowered the flag of the Tehran government from the institutions and schools and raised the flag of Kurdistan instead of it.

On January 22, 1946, the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan was announced under the leadership of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, amid thorny and complex circumstances, and the city of Mahabad became the capital of the young republic.

In front of the world and in the middle of the largest square of the capital, Qazi Muhammad was elected, the first president of the Republic of Kurdistan, and delegations from all parts of the Kurdistan region were present in these solemn celebrations.

After the new president delivered his speech, for the first time in Kurdish history, the Kurdistan flag was raised, which consists of red, yellow, and green, and the comprehensive struggle program of the Republic was presented.

The legitimate dream was embodied in establishing a Kurdish state on Kurdish land for a people that enjoy all the elements of independence and a modern state without affecting the sovereignty or entity of any of the surrounding countries.

The Kurdish language was considered an official language in which the people learn and official departments abide by it. Schools were opened, the press and theaters were established, women entered the arena of the new Kurdish life, and commercial relations were established with neighboring countries.

The life of the Kurdish Republic was not long, as Qazi Muhammad tried to negotiate with the Tehran government about the relationship of the Kurdish Republic as a self-governing authority with the central government, so Iran refused to negotiate, and sent a military campaign that succeeded in brutally suppressing the democratic movement in Iranian Kurdistan, and eliminated the Kurdish Republic with British support – an American, and managed to restore Mahabad and extend its sovereignty over the region.

On March 30, 1947, after a mock trial, the President of the Republic, Qazi Muhammad, and dozens of other Kurdish leaders and militants were executed in the "Char Chira" square in Mahabad, by hanging to death.

The martyr Qadi Muhammad passed away, but the idea of freedom, right,s and independence remained alive in the memory of the Kurdish people, who continued and continue their struggle to obtain their freedom and achieve their legitimate human aspirations to this day.

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