77 years since the martyrdom of Qazi Muhammad, President of the Republic of Kurdistan

ARK News… On Saturday marked the 77th anniversary of the martyrdom of the historic Kurdish leader Qazi Muhammad, President of the Republic of Kurdistan, the republic declared by the Kurds in 1946 in eastern Kurdistan (Iranian Kurdistan), with Mahabad as its capital.

About Commander Qazi Muhammad:

Qazi Muhammad was born in the city of Mahabad in 1901. His father is Qadi Ali bin Qasim bin Mirza Ahmed, and his mother is from the well-known Faizullah Bey clan in the Mokeriyan Kingdom.

Qazi Muhammad is considered one of the most prominent figures in Kurdish history, as he enjoyed a wide culture due to his exploration in matters of Sharia, Islamic jurisprudence, and religion, his mastery of the Arabic, Turkish, Persian, and French languages, and his familiarity with English and Russian, in addition to his mother tongue, Kurdish, in addition to his charming personality that arouses the love and sympathy of everyone. Whoever meets him, his humility, courage, and deep belief in the rights of his people to life and the necessity of struggling to achieve these legitimate rights.

Qazi Muhammad was distinguished by his close relationships among the poor and destitute and his keenness to meet their needs and help them solve their problems and overcome their crises, through his keenness to listen to them and answer their religious, legal and worldly questions. He also called for spreading education and culture among the Kurds in order to confront the persecution and injustice that was occurring. on them.

During the years of his life, Qazi Muhammad understood the bitter reality experienced by the Kurdish masses, sensing the suffering of the people and their sense of injustice and absence that befell the entire Kurdish issue. Therefore, he devoted all his time and most of his attention to the interest of the Kurds and looking towards their future and their lives, not only in the Mahabad region, but in the whole. Areas where Kurdish communities live.

In the 1930s, Qazi Muhammad joined the Khuyaboun Party, which announced its struggle in 1927 with the help of Ihsan Nori Pasha in North Kurdistan.

In 1944, a Kurdish organization was formed called the “Kurdish Revival Association,” which paved the way for the establishment of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Iran, of which Qazi Muhammad became one of its founders.

The program of this party was to achieve freedom in Iran, autonomy for Kurdistan within the Iranian borders, and fraternity with the Azerbaijani people and all non-Persian minorities.

On December 16, 1945, in the midst of a large crowd in the “Chiwar Chira” square in Mahabad, and in a great festive atmosphere, Qazi Muhammad announced on that historic day that the Mokeriyan region would be cut off from the Tehran government, so they lowered the flag of the Tehran government from institutions and schools and raised the flag of Kurdistan instead.

On 22/1/1946, the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan was declared under the leadership of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, amid thorny and complex circumstances, and the city of Mahabad became the capital of the young republic.

In front of the world and in the middle of the largest square in the capital, Qadi Muhammad was elected the first President of the Kurdistan Republic, and delegations from all parts of the Kurdistan region were present at these solemn celebrations.

After the new president delivered his speech, for the first time in Kurdish history, the Kurdistan flag, which consists of red, yellow and green, was raised, and the comprehensive struggle program for the Republic was presented.

The legitimate dream was embodied in the establishment of a Kurdish state on Kurdish land for a people enjoying all the components of independence and a modern state without this affecting the sovereignty or entity of any of the surrounding countries.

The Kurdish language was considered an official language by which the people learned and official circles adhered to it. Schools were opened, the press and theaters were established, women entered the arena of new Kurdish life, and trade relations were established with neighboring countries.

The life of the Kurdish Republic was not long, as Qazi Muhammad tried to negotiate with the Tehran government about the relationship of the Kurdish Republic, as an autonomous authority, with the central government. Iran refused to negotiate, and sent a military campaign that succeeded in brutally suppressing the democratic movement in Iranian Kurdistan, and eliminated the Kurdish Republic with British support. - American, and was able to regain Mahabad and extend its sovereignty over the region.

On March 30, 1947, after a show trial, the President of the Republic, Qazi Muhammad, and dozens of other Kurdish leaders and activists were executed in Chiwar Chira Square in Mahabad, by hanging to death.

The martyr Qazi Muhammad passed away, but the idea of freedom, right and independence remained alive in the memory of the Kurdish people, who continued and continue their struggle to gain their freedom and achieve their legitimate human aspirations to this day.

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